Feank davis administeatoe of said eoedbe



(No Model.)

A. SPRINGER 8v P. A. ROEDER.

F. DAVIS, administrator of F. A. ROEDER, deceased.

IORSIONAL PIVOT BALANCE.

No. 339,946. Patented Apr. 13, 1886.

IIN/en fr:

N Pneus. Photo-Lunugmplm. wan-ausw". o, c.

PATENT OFFICE.

ALFRED SPRINGER AND FREDERICK A. ROEDER, OF CINCINNATI, OHIO,`

FRANK DAVIS ADMINISTRATOR OF SAID ROEDER, DECEASED, AS-

SIGNORS, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS7 TO THE UNITED STATES TORSION BALANCE ANDSCALE COMPANY,

OF JERSEY CITY, NE\V JERSEY.

TORSIONAL PIVOT-BALANCE.

To all whom, t ntay concern.:

Be it known that we, ALFRED SPRINGER and FREDERICK A. RoEDER, citizensof the United States, residing at Cincinnati, Ohio,

have invented new and useful Improvements .in Torsional Balances, ofwhich the following is a specification.

Our inventionrelates to that class of balances in which elastic bodiesare employed as 1o pivots in contradistinction to those havingresting-supports-such as k nifeed ges 7 its obj ect being the productionof a cheap and ef fcient balance for ordinary uses, embodying thetorsional principle.

I-Ieretofore iu the construction of such balances the torsional pivothas been mounted separately from the beam-that is, upon a separateframeby or upon which it was held in necessary tension; bu-t in ourpresent inven- 2o tion we combine the torsional pivot with the beam aspart of its structure, and are thus enabled to introduce certainmechanical advanv tages of structure applicable to a variety of Vformsof scales in which the torsion principle :5 has not heretofore beenapplied.

The diticulty heretofore existing in the way of such combination of thebeam and pivot has been the fact that the pivot, in order to beeffective, must be highly elastic, and to this end v3o maintained in astate of tension, thus requiring a strong resisting structure involvingso great an excess of weight inthe beam as to practically overload thepivots and destroy the sensitiveness of the balance. In our presentinvention this difficulty is overcome by extension of the beam laterallyto form one or more struts opposing compressive resistance of the sameto the tensile strains of the pivot,

this construction being supplemented in some 4o cases by securing theelongated pivot around the struts as abutments in such manner that itsstrain in one direction is counterbalanced by the strain in another.

Our invention may be said, therefore7 to consist in a weighing-balanceembodying a torsional pivot combined directly with the beam in a stateof tension, and in certain de- FIGATION forming part of Letters PatentNo. 339,946, dated April 13,1886,

Application filed June 14, 1884.

Serial No. 'i3-LESS. (No model.)

tails of constructionhereinafter more fully described and claimed.

' In the accompanying drawings illustrating 5o our invention, Figure lis perspective view ot' a steelyard7 balance in which a single beam withsliding weight is employed, and in which the fulcrnm and terminal pivotsare combined with the beam. Fig. 2 is a view, partly in 5: sideelevation and partly in vertical section, of a similar balance havingtwo beams with differential sliding weights; Fig. 3, a partial plan of abeam, showing a slight variation in the attachment of the pivots to thebeam; Figs. et, 5, and 6, plans showing variations in the manner ofattaching terminal pivots to the beam; and Fig. 7gis a plan view of ascale in which the terminal pivots are formed by a single wire stretchedaround the beam. Fig. 8 is a partial perspective of a beam such as isillustrated in Fig. 5, in which the fulcrum and terminal pivots areformed by the saine wire or band stretched around the lateralprojections and passing through a suitable opening in thebeam.

Referring now to the drawings, Figs. l and 2, A designates thesupporting-pedestal, and B the beam ofthe steelyardbalance to which ourinvention is applied. In the case shown the beam is extended laterallyat one end into a bar, C, in the sainehorizontal plane, at the ends ofwhich are fitted two semicircular blocks, s c, arranged to be forcedoutward apart by nuts n, threaded upon the bar. Around 8o the outside ofthe blocks and from end to end of the bar at opposite sides is stretcheda band orribbon, p, of steel or other elastic metal, or a wire ofsimilar materiah) the beam B being bifurcated horizontally at and nearthejunction of the bar C, to permit the band or wire p to passuninterruptedly, and the beam also being bifurcated vertically at saidjunction to permit the band or wire p to be securely seated in the upperend of the supportingcolumn A 9o in the plane of the beam B withoutContact with any other part, to constitute the supporting-fulcruni ofthe beam. The four arms of the beam necessitated by the double bifurca--porting-column A, and carrying the poise7 w, essential to balancesemploying elastic pivots, as set forth in the application of FrederickA. Roeder, No. 187,293, tiled July 10, 1884.

The scalepan-or, as in the case-shown, the carrier F- fortheletter orparcel to be weighed y is attached to the front section of the pivotband or wire p in the vertical plane (extended) of the beam B. A;guide-yoke, D, extending rearward and upward from the column A,surrounds the beam B and prevents undue oscillation of' the latter. Thebeam v,B is graduated in the usual manner, and provided with a slidingweight, a.

In the scale shown in Fig. 2, in addition to the parts abovedescribed,an additional beam, B', is employed, of the same construction,mounted upon the column A below and parallel to the first, the two beingconnected through their fulcrum-pivots by t-he column on which thefulerum-pivots are mounted, and

by-a vertical bar or standard, E, rigidly con-A necting the terminalpivots in the vertical plane of the beams, and carrying a scale-pansupported above or suspended below, as may be desired, the principle ofcombination and operation of the two beams being identical with thatexhibited in the double-beam balance patented to us in Letters PatentNo.

262,905, dated August 15, 1882, with only the slight modification inconstruction necessitated by the present construction of the beams. In'the present case the two beams are employed with differential slidingweights a a', indicating whole and fractional units of measurement 4forconvenience in obtaining longer graduations 011 the beam for minutefractions of the unitof weight. The arrangement of the pivot in theillustrations given opposes the strain on one side of 'the bar C to thecorresponding. strain on the other, thus bringing a compressive strainonly upon the bar, and rendering a very light structure possible. Thetightening-nuts a may be omitted altogether, and the band or wirestretched upon the blocks in the process of securing it thereupon, andwhere the latter plan is employed the blocks may constitute integralportions of the bar.

In some forms ot' scales, particularly those employing a multipliedleverage, as in platform-scales for heavy bodies, it is desirable thatthe fulcruin and terminal pivots should be placed in closer proximity,and in such cases the lateral bar C of the beam may be supplemented by asimilar bar arranged outside of and parallel to it, the ends of the barsbeing connected to form a rectangular frame, C C',

Fig. 3, within which, between the short ends, the pivot band or wire isstretched and held in tension by yokes d d, surrounding the short sidesof the rectangle and set out by Wedges e vassis-usf e, driven betweenthe yokes andthe outside I of the containing-frame C G,as shown. Wherethe terminal pivot only is to be attached to the beam, the constructionmay be as shown in Figs. 4, 5, and 7.

In Fig. 4 the beam is extended laterally at the end' int-o two struts, ff, between whose `ends the pivot is'stretched and carried back to afastening, f 2, l,upon the beam. In Fig. 5two additional struts, f f',are provided, the pivot being carried around the system in a rectangularcourse and fastened to the beam, the four struts forming diagonalbraces. The beam may, however, be perforated, as shown in Fig. 8, toallow the rear section of the pivot free passage, in which case the rearsection of the pivot may be used as the supporting-fulcruni of the beam,in the manner shown in Fig. 8. y

In Fig. Gis exhibited a beam with single bifurcations, as shown in Fig.4, butin which the pivotal wire is carried around the ends of thestruts, and from end to end of the main beam, an arrangement securing aperfectly uniform and delicate tension of the terminal pivots and verylight beam, these being essential conditions in the minutely-sensitivebalances required in assaying and in chemical manipulations and similaroperations at the minimum of simplicity and cost of construction andmaintenance. In this form ot' balance the main beam B is supported upona torsion pivot, p2, stretched between supports a2 a, and has a standardat the point S to receive a count-erpoise, substantially as shown inFig. 1.

In Fig. 7 is showna form of bifurcated beam adapted to the attachment ofa single pivot between the endsof the bifurcated arms. In such case thelateral extensions of the beam are preferably formed as a shallowcrescent, f j', in the horizontal plane of the beam, thickened towardthe junction with the beam, and provided with slots or apertures at theends g, through which the pivot passes. In such case it is desirable touse for the pivot a band or wire with thickened ends-as, for instance,aband doubled over upon itself-which may be pierced withv slots, throughwhich wedges e e maybe driven to secure the requisite tension bystretching the band upon the outer end of the crescent as abntments. Thedisposition of the beam metal in crescent form, while in some degree theequivalent of the struts f f, secures a nearer approximation to thedirect compressive resistance exhibited in the case first illustrated,and forms a desirable construction for beams such as used inplatform-scales for heavy weighing where the Weight of the beam is notof so serions moment, and a pivot of extremelydelicate tension is notrequired. Thus constructed they may be used either as the weighingfbeamssupporting the platform or as the levers connecting with the finalindicators'.

It will be obvious that a steelyard-balance embodying substantially theprinciples of that IIO izo

A VL`.- gk *MAMA-ALA *LA JAJ rst described may be constructed, using abeam such as indicated in Figs. 4, 5, and 7, the fulcrunrpivot beingmounted upon aseparate frame, as shown in Letters Patent No. 262,905,before referred to, or aknife-edge support may be used for the fulcrum.

XVe have indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 6 two additional braces, t'i, around which the piVOt-Wire 71may be carried,giving the structure anincreased Width laterally, in order to obtaina greater length of thefulcrum-pivot without interference and without increasing the end Weightof the beam. In such case we may place the supports a a2 farther apart,as indicated in dotted lines.

Ve claim as our invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent of theUnited States- I. In a Weighingbalanee, a Weight-beam having lateralextensions, in combination With one or more elongated elastic pivotsheld in tension between such extensions, substantially as set forth.

2. In a weighing-balance, in combination with a torsional pivot orpivots, as bands or wires of metal or othersuitable elastic material, abeam provided with lateral projections between and upon which as strutsthe pivots are stretched and held in tension, as set forth.

3. In a torsional balance, in combination Wit-l1 a beam having lateralprojections, a pivot or pivots held between said extensions-and means,substantially as described, for holding the pivot or pivots in tension,substantially as set forth.

4. A xveighingbalance embodying one or more steelyard-beams suitablyfulcrumed and provided with sliding Weight-indicators, one or moretorsional terminal pivots maintained in tension upon said beam or beams,and a scale-pan or equivalent support forthe weighed body,incombination,substantially as set forth.

5. In a Weighing-balance, the combination of two pivoted beams or leversfulcrumed in the same vertical plane, carrying terminal torsional pivotsmaintained in tension upon the beams or levers in horizontal planes, anda vertical standard or support for the sealepan or Weight-supportsecured firmly to said terminal pivots, substantially as set forth.

6. In a Weighing-balance, the combination u of a pivoted beam, atorsional pivot secured to said beam at its end across its axis in ahorizontal plane, and a scale-pan support secured directly and rigidlyto said end torsional pivot, substantially as set forth.

7. In aweighing-balance, the combination of a beam having itssupporting-fulcrum acting torsionally and provided with a terminaltorsion-pivot secured rigidly to said beam,and a platform secured to andsuspended from said terminal torsion pivot, essentially asset forth.

8. In a weighing-balance, the combination of a beam supported on atorsional pivot and having a terminal torsional pivot on one side 'ofthe fulcrumpivot and a sliding weight on the other side, a parallel beamsupported on a torsional pivot in the same vertical plane as therst-named, and having also a torsional terminal pivot, and a pan-supportrigidly attached to the terminal torsional pivots of both beams,essentially as set forth.

In testimony whereof We have hereunto set our hands in the presence oftwo subscribing witnesses.

ALFRED SPRINGER. FREDERICK A. ROEDER.

XVitnesses:

L. M. HosEA, It. M. Hosea.

